Plants and animals registered in the Red Lists are under strict protection. Fines are always imposed for their extermination. The Red List is a legal document, which allows taking measures to the conservation of rare species of plants and animals up to the criminal prosecution of people causing their extermination.

Plants and animals of the reserve included in the Red List

In the reserve, there registered 8 species of plants included in the Red List of Russia:

  • Russian fritillary (Fritillaria ruthenica),
  • snake’s head fritillary (Fritillaria meleagris),
  • feather grass (Stipa pennata),
  • and 5 orchid species: lady’s slipper orchid (Cypripedium calceolus), neottianta cucullata (Neottianthe cucullata (L.) Schlechter), narrow-leaved marsh orchid (Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Saut.) Soo), burnt orchid (Orchis ustulata L.) and military orchid (Orchis militaris L.)

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Russian fritillary is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows on meadows, in bushes, on stony land and along the river. The stem is smooth and delicate, 20-30 cm tall. Leaves are sharp, 6-9 cm long and 3-5 mm wide. The upper leaves are thread-like with spirally twisted ends; they are shorter than the lower ones. The flowers are gathered in racemose inflorescences at the top of the stem; they are deep red covered with obscure black and white checked pattern. It blossoms in spring – from April to May.

In the reserve, there are 84 species of vascular plants included in the Red List of the Moscow Region. Among the representatives of the steppe “Oka Flora”, there are 30 species, including:

  • Bieberstein tulip (Tulipa biebersteiniana et Schult.),
  • false hellebores (Veratrum nigrum)
  • woolly speedwell (Veronica incana),
  • ground virginsbower Clematis recta),
  • Ruysch dragonhead (Dracocephalum ruyschiana) and others.

Six species of birds registered in the reserve are included in the Red List of Russia:

  • osprey (Pandion haliaetus L.),
  • greater spotted eagle (Aquilla clanga Pall.),
  • Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo),
  • middle spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos medius),
  • great grey shrike (Lanius excubitor),
  • azure tit (Parus cyanus)

26 species of birds registered in the reserve are included in the Red List of the Moscow Region:

  • osprey (Pandion haliaetus),
  • European honey buzzard (Pernis apivorus),
  • black kite (Milvus migrans),
  • hen harrier and Montagu’s harrier (Circus cyaneus и Circus pygargus L.),
  • booted eagle (Hieraetus pennatus),
  • greater spotted eagle (Aquila clanga),
  • red-footed falcon (Falco subbuteo),
  • great snipe (Gallinago media),
  • stock dove (Columba oenas),
  • Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo),
  • European scops owl (Otus scops),
  • little owl (Athene noctua),
  • European roller (Coracias garrulus L.),
  • common kingfisher (Alcedo atthis L.),
  • hoopoe (Upupa epops L.),
  • European green woodpecker (Picus viridis L.),
  • grey-headed woodpecker (Picus canus),
  • white-backed woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos),
  • middle spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos medius L.),
  • three-toed woodpecker (Picoides tridactylus),
  • woodlark (Lullula arborea),
  • great grey shrike (Lanius excubitor),
  • spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes L.),
  • barred warbler (Sylvia nisoria Bechst.),
  • azure tit (Parus cyanus Pall).

1417724_211689969039550_458102062_oAmong mammals of the reserve, the European bison (Bison bonasus L.) is the only species included in the Red List of the IUCN and in the Red List of the Russian Federation as a species on the verge of extinction. In 2001 the bison was excluded from the group of endangered species (EN) and included into the group of vulnerable species (VU) of the Red List of the IUCN. It happened due to the work, in which the reserve plays a major role.

The mouse-eared bat (Myotis dasycneme Boie), a mammal, is also included in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

9 mammal species registered in the reserve are included in the Red List of the Moscow Region:

  • lesser white-toothed shrew (Crocidura suaveolens),
  • Eurasian least shrew (Sorex minutissimus),
  • Natterer’s bat (Myotis nattereri),
  • pond bat (Myotis dasycneme Boie),
  • lesser noctule (Nyctalus leisleri),
  • hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius),
  • yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis).
  • European otter (Lutra lutra),
  • Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx),

117 species of butterflies out of 625 species registered in the reserve are rare and are included in the Red List of the Moscow Region. Among them, there are two species included in the Red List of the Russian Federation.